In a film each scene may last a matter of seconds or it could continue for a few minutes but the length of each sequence establishes the pace of the film moving the action along, if the audience is to feel anxiety and suspense the editing will be quick, for example the scenes/shots would be changing frequently.
If a relaxed mood is desired, the scenes last longer and change less frequently.
However there is a film called 'Russian Ark' which was all shot in one take and no editing was done.
A trailer for a film needs to pack in detail from throughout the film therefore the editing will be very fast.
Style
The style of editing is how shots are linked together, the movement from one shot to the next is called a transition.
Straight Cut
A straight cut is the most common visible form of transition, one shot moves instantly to the next without capturing the audiences attention. Straight cut help retain reality, and it is known as invisible editing.
Dissolves
A dissolve is one shot fading off screen while another shot is fading in, the audience will be able to see both shots on the screen at the mid-point of the dissolve. This is useful because it links two shots together.
Fades
A fade is a gradual darkening or lightening of an image until it becomes black or white, one shot will fade until only a black or white screen can be scene, it is used to indicate the end of a particular section of time within the narrative, it can show the passing of time.
Wipe
A wipe is when one image is pushed of screen by another, the images can be pushed left or right, it is used to signal a movement between different locations that are experiencing the same time.
Jump Cut
A jump cut is where the audience's attention is brought into focus on something very suddenly, this occurs by breaking the continuity editing, it is known as discontinuity, it appears as if a section of the sequence has been removed.
Graphic match
A graphic match is when two consecutive shots are matched in terms of the way they look this is called a graphic match.
Montage theory
This changes the feelings when you see the image the character is seeing you feel the characters emotion and state.
Continuity
The Rules
- establishing shot
- shot/reverse shot
- 180 degree
- 30 degree
- cross cutting
- match on action
- eye line match
- re-establishing shot
definition: a system used to maintain continous and clear narrative action by following a set of rules.
180 degree rule
This is a principle which underpins all TV and film production.
Its important not to cross the line of vision between two characters otherwise the viewer may not be able to make sense of the scene.
The same rule applies to a moving subject keep to one side of the direction of motion.
30 degree rule
The angle between any two consecutive shots should be less than 30 degree rule in order to maintain spatial relationships between people and objects in any given sequence of shots.
Its important not to cross the line of vision between two characters otherwise the viewer may not be able to make sense of the scene.
The same rule applies to a moving subject keep to one side of the direction of motion.
30 degree rule
The angle between any two consecutive shots should be less than 30 degree rule in order to maintain spatial relationships between people and objects in any given sequence of shots.
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